Network performance metrics are quantitative measurements used to evaluate the health, speed, reliability, and efficiency of a network. Key metrics include bandwidth, latency, throughput, jitter, packet loss, and uptime, which help identify and resolve network performance issues. 

Here’s a more detailed look at some common network performance metrics: 

1. Bandwidth: This refers to the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network connection in a given time. It’s often measured in bits per second (bps) or its multiples (Mbps, Gbps). 

2. Latency: This is the delay or time it takes for data to travel from one point to another on a network. Lower latency indicates faster network speeds. 

3. Throughput: This measures the actual amount of data that is successfully transmitted over a network connection in a given time. It’s often lower than bandwidth due to factors like network overhead. 

4. Jitter: This refers to the variation or fluctuation in latency, meaning the delay can change over time. High jitter can lead to choppy audio or video streaming. 

5. Packet Loss: This measures the number of data packets that are lost during transmission and do not reach their destination. High packet loss can cause delays and disruptions in network communication. 

6. Uptime: This refers to the total time that a network or a component of the network is available and functioning. High uptime indicates a reliable network. 

7. Error Rate: This measures the frequency of errors during data transmission, indicating the reliability of the network. 

8. Round Trip Time (RTT): This measures the time it takes for a data packet to travel from a source to a destination and back again. It’s a crucial metric for assessing network performance, especially in real-time applications. 

9. Bandwidth Utilization: This measures how much of the available bandwidth is being used at any given time. High bandwidth utilization can indicate congestion or network bottlenecks. 

10. Network Response Time: This measures the time it takes for a network device or server to respond to a request. It’s a key indicator of application performance and user experience. 

By monitoring these metrics, network administrators can gain insights into network performance, identify potential issues, and optimize network resources to ensure a high-quality user experience